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초록

Previous research on the Korean p phoneme-level encoding to sub-syllabic ology and stimulus conditions. This stud ence of shared phonological compone (body, rime), and syllabic units. We emp tive load and allows for a systematic co orthographic information in phonological planning, we conducted two experiments differing in the prime modality: pictures only vs. pictures plus written Korean text. Linear mixed-effects models and pairwise comparisons revealed that the facilitation effects were sensitive to the first syllable structure of the target (i.e., CV or CVC), and that the type of shared phonological component exhibiting facilitation varied as a function of task moda honological preparation unit has yielded varied conclusions-ranging from body structure or holistic syllable units-possibly due to differences in method-y investigates phonological preparation units in Korean by examining the influnts within the syllable-specifically, segmental (onset, nucleus), sub-syllabic loyed an object-naming task with a priming paradigm, which minimizes cognimparison of different phonological conditions. To further examine the role of lity. In the picture-only condition, the mixed-effects model indicated significant VC targets. Follow-up pairwise comparisons further showed that responses in antly slower than those in the control condition. In the picture + text condition, oth onset and nucleus overlap facilitated responses more for CVC targets than ise comparisons showed that only nucleus overlap exhibited a marginal advanonset-based facilitation specifically for C the body-overlap condition were signific the mixed-effects model indicated that b for CV targets. However, follow-up pairw tage over the control baseline. In contrast, CV-structured targets showed no reliable facilitation or inhibition across phonological overlap types in either condition. These findings demonstrate that phonological preparation in Korean is modulated by both syllabic complexity and orthographic support, and that segmental units-especially onsets and nuclei-play a key role. The results provide empirical support for contextually sensitive phonological encoding in Korean shaped by orthographic and methodolo unit in speech production across langua (c) 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. gical factors, contributing to ongoing debates on the phonological preparation ges.

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