A CMOS-Based Ultra-Wide Range Temperature Sensor for Quantum Computing Circuits in 65nm CMOS

초록

In this paper, an ultra-wide range CMOS temperature sensor is designed for applications in cryogenic and room temperature environments, particularly targeting quantum computing systems where control circuits are integrated into the cryogenic domain. A beta multiplier structure is employed as the sensing element to generate a temperature-proportional current. By leveraging the temperature coefficient (TC) of MOSFET mobility and resistor characteristics, the sensor ensures a stable TC. The generated current serves as the bias for a relaxation oscillator, which facilitates temperature-to-frequency conversion. The relaxation oscillator operates with a lower TC than the beta multiplier, with its frequency variation determined by the bias current. The resulting frequency is then digitized using a 16-bit counter. The sensor is designed to operate over a temperature range of -270°C to 30°C. Simulation results indicate that the oscillator produces 20.6 KHz at -250°C with a TC of 0.75 KHz/°C.

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