ScholarWorks@성균관대학교

초록

Plain Language Summary: What is this summary about? This summarizes an article about the TROPION-Lung01 study which was originally published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology in September 2024. TROPION-Lung01 is a clinical study that included 604 participants with a type of lung cancer called advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Advanced lung cancer means that the cancer has spread from the lungs to other parts of the body. All participants in TROPION-Lung01 had previously received treatment for their cancer, but it had stopped working. Researchers in TROPION-Lung01 wanted to compare a new drug called datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd)–a type of drug called an antibody–drug conjugate–with a chemotherapy drug called docetaxel, which is often used when a patient’s first treatment stops working. Participants had a 50:50 chance of getting either drug. To determine whether Dato-DXd worked better than docetaxel, researchers measured how long participants stayed alive overall and how long they lived without their cancer getting worse after starting treatment. What were the results? Researchers found that participants’ chances of living longer without their cancer getting worse were 25% better with Dato-DXd compared with docetaxel but found no significant difference between the two drugs in how long participants stayed alive overall. During the study, participants’ tumors shrank or disappeared in 26% of people receiving Dato-DXd and 13% of people receiving docetaxel. Dato-DXd worked better in people with a specific kind of non-small cell lung cancer, called nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer. People whose tumor cells have certain genetic changes, called actionable genomic alterations, were also more likely to benefit from treatment with Dato-DXd. However, these differences may have been due to chance. Of the participants treated with Dato-DXd, 88% had side effects that were related to treatment. The most common of these was stomatitis, a type of mouth irritation, which occurred in 47% of participants taking Dato-DXd. The most common side effect related to docetaxel was hair loss, which occurred in 35% of participants taking docetaxel and 32% of those taking Dato-DXd. Fewer than 10% of people receiving Dato-DXd experienced interstitial lung disease or pneumonitis, which are two types of lung disease that were carefully monitored for. In participants taking Dato-DXd, 1% died because of drug-related side effects. What do the results mean? In people with nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer, or people whose tumor cells have certain genetic changes, Dato-DXd may increase their chances of living longer without their cancer getting worse. Dato-DXd has the potential to be a new treatment option for these patients, after they have received other cancer treatments. Clinical trial number: NCT04656652 (phase III TROPION-Lung01 clinical trial).

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